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Events

European exchange on the policies and practices in the treatment of cannabis-related problems

The EMCDDA, in partnership with the Hungarian National Focal Point, organised on 26 January 2011 a meeting in Lisbon on policies and practices in the treatment of cannabis-related problems in Europe. The...
Lisbon, Portugal
EMCDDA expert meeting
Events

European exchange on treatment facility surveys: which perspectives for data collection at European level?

The EMCDDA organised a one day technical meeting on the 19th of September 2012 aimed at exchanging information among treatment experts on objectives, methods, practical implementation and use of outcomes of national...
Lisbon, Portugal
EMCDDA expert meeting
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Minutes of meeting: Treatment facility surveys: which perspectives for data collection at European level?

19.12.2012
These are the minutes from a meeting organised by the EMCDDA on the 19th of September 2012 aimed at exchanging information among treatment experts on objectives, methods, practical implementation and use of...
Events

Expert meeting: European exchange on Brief Interventions and Motivational Interviewing for people using drugs

'Early intervention' is repeatedly mentioned in EU drugs strategies and is supported by evidence especially for alcohol users, but little is known about how and for which target groups it is actually...
Lisbon, Portugal
EMCDDA expert meeting
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Minutes – Expert meeting on Brief Intervention and Motivational Interviewing – 23 January, 2013

26.03.2013
These are the final minutes from the EMCDDA meeting 'Brief Intervention and Motivational Interviewing,' organised in Lisbon on 23rd January 2013. Context and background ‘Early intervention’ is repeatedly mentioned in EU drugs...
Events

Implementation of the treatment strategy, 24-26 June 2013, Lisbon

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As part of the implementation of its treatment data collection strategy, the EMCDDA organised a technical meeting on the 24-26 June 2013 in Lisbon which was attended by experts from twelve National...
EMCDDA expert meeting
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Final minutes of expert meeting ‘Implementation of the treatment strategy’, 24-26 June 2013

04.09.2013
About the meeting As part of the implementation of its treatment data collection strategy, the EMCDDA organised a technical meeting on the 24-26 June 2013 in Lisbon which was attended by experts...
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Meeting minutes: 'A comparative analysis of national treatment systems', June 2014

15.07.2014
These are the minutes of a two-day expert meeting brining together experts from 10 Member States to work together with EMCDDA experts towards achieving these objectives. Day 1: Development of a methodological...
Last updated : 05.12.2019
Rating: Unknown effectiveness

Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation were found in a narrative review (without meta-analysis) (Rachid,  2018, 10 clinical studies, n=195)  to have:

  • no significant effect on reducing substance use.

There were some indications of positive results in safety and reduction of cocaine cravings.

Name of response option

  • pharmacological treatment, assisted withdrawal

Desired outcome(s)

  • reduce substance use

Area(s)

  • Treatment

Specific substance or pattern of use

cocaine

References

Rachid, F. (2018). Neurostimulation techniques in the treatment of cocaine dependence: A review of the literature. Addictive Behavaviors76:145-155. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.004. Epub
Last updated : 05.12.2019
Rating: Unknown effectiveness

Opium withdrawal presents significant symptoms, even if milder than heroin withdrawal. Pharmacologically assisted withdrawal was found to have no effect in a systematic review (Rahimi-Movaghar et al, 2018, 13 studies, N=1096) in:

  •      improving treatment outcomes.

Tested medications include the following (individually or combined, and/or in different dosages): baclofen, clonidine, amantadine, buprenorphine, methadone, tramadol, gabapentin, tincure of opium.

While all these may be useful in alleviating the symptoms, there is no clear evidence as to whether any of the medications is more effective than the others in the management of opium withdrawal.

Name of response option

  • assisted withdrawal

Desired outcome(s)

  • improve treatment outcomes

Area(s)

  • Treatment

Specific substance or pattern of use

opioids

References

Rahimi-Movaghar A, Gholami J, Amato L, Hoseine L, Yousefi-Nooraie R, Amin-Esmaeile M. (2018) Pharmacological Therapies for Management of Opium Withdrawal. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 6, Art. No.: CD007522. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007522.pub2
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